I've struggled with this... 'anger outbursts' or uncontrollable rage... then afterwards just tonnes of self-guilt and regret... and yet it goes round and round in circles, seemingly uncontrollable however self-aware of it you become.
Unfortunately, I've not figured it out either. But I heavily suspect it has routes in Depression, childhood trauma, or possible even ADHD.
Eating sugar can also majorly affect this. Clear sugar out of your diet (as hard and impossible as that can be) and it will reduce the angry feelings.
Tbh I'm not sure, normally I'm just really sad all the time but there are certain random periods where I'm also angry. I recently moved and that was stressful and something I didn't really want but it was also months before then when I started to just get mad all the time. Normally if I get frustrated with someone they didn't do anything on purpose or big that would cause someone normally to get mad or overreactive.
Anger like this can be a result of chronic stress and/or depression. I struggle with anger/rare myself and I get how self-conscious it can make you, or like you feel like you and your angry is the problem.
If you really want it to stop, look at your diet, and eliminate high sugar and processed foods (especially if you binge or you don't have a healthy balance diet - this affects anger a lot). Secondly, try exercise, put your anger into cycling or weight lifting or something else that will generally at leats a few endorphins.
Lastly, stop blaming myself and feeling guilty in these cycles. You're stuck for a reason and it's not your fault. There are things you can do to make it easier on yourself (diet/exercise), but ultimately a lot of these anger/issues come from stress/burnout/depression, so please be kind to yourself also.