Wouldn't you invest as well?
A friend of mine, most of his clients are retired or very close to it. Many of them are living off the interest/dividends generated by their portfolio. They don't come to him with $1,000,000 and ask him to turn it into $5 million (thats my other friend's jobs). They come to him with their hard earned money and ask him to be a good steward, protect the capital, spin off an income stream and attempt to attain growth.
Say with $5 million you could have 20-30% in treasuries. Maybe some high-quality corporate debt like McDonalds bonds or whatever. And the rest could be in VT and you could retire.
You could just live on the interest and dividends. You could also look at annuities. If you don't care much about capital appreciation and want to have a stable cash flow and deferred taxes. You can also borrow against them so you don't have to pay capital gains. Plus there are different rules so they can't be attacked by creditors in the case of a legal problem. Additionally, tax free (Life insurance payout) income transferred to your heirs when you die.
Most people buy annuities for the guaranteed cash flow. But they are expensive and we don't do them as a matter of course instead we just build a bond ladder to get the income people are seeking. Annuities are guaranteed returns but lower. Basic investment rule diversify with bond, equity and real estate investments.
If you're a billionaire and you have all your money in short-term treasuries you're gonna be fine. You're not going to make much but you're not going to lose principal either. Not sure you're keeping up with inflation so you may be losing purchasing power. Probably about a historic breakeven ā short term Treasuries and inflation. Also depends on age ā a 90 year old billionaire is more concerned about capital preservation while a 20 year old billionaire would want to see some growth. Unless the 20 year old billionaire was super chill and just wanted to live a relaxed lifestyle, make 3% on $1 billion, $30 million a year, $2.5 million a month ā you could squeak by on thatā¦. (taxes notwithstandingā¦)
If you are a billionaire, then you could just buy a basket of well - selected individual bonds portfolio and usually hold to maturity. You can even do some short trading for some bondsā¦ Depends on risk appetite. Billionaire's certainly could just buy bonds and live off the interest. Or do some trading.
But anyone who's become a billionaire got there by taking some risk and that risk taking DNA doesn't just turn off. Billionaires will buy businesses that will provide cash flow and make them even more billions. They only hold cash and bonds for short term liquidity but otherwise are actively investing in businesses.
In today's market with yields as high as they are on the 2 & 10 years, their mix might be a bit higher. Most billionaires have some sort of a family office and hire the best traders. To do what? Trade over micro connections to the exchanges. Also Private Equity and Hedge Funds. But I would say there is not as much excitement about Bonds. In the early days, my mom would talk about clipping coupons because bonds were safe after so many got busted in the 1930s market. So growing up, a lot of her wealthy friends clipped coupons when that part of the bond matured. Then they went to the club for lunch.
For mere mortals in some situations the buy bonds and hold strategy is probably more sound. I have a friend who was a financial advisor, had someone come see him after interviewing a number of other advisors. She just inherited $5 million and the other advisors were telling her to buy stocks, buy bonds, buy mutual funds, we can get it to grow, etc. She said she lived simply, had SS and a pension, traveled a little but even if she tried she didn't think she could spend $100,000/year. Couldn't she just buy some CDs and make 5%, $250,000/year and call it good? My friend told her yes, she could certainly do that and given her non-appetite for risk it made a lot of sense. She wouldn't have inflation protection but she didn't care. She just wanted to protect the capital, live a stress free life and pass the money downstream to heirs.
That's an example of where a person could just buy a bunch of bonds, clip the coupon and not worry about growth.