One thing I'd look at is self-affirmation. Low self-esteem as a likely problem, would put an extra sting in the words of others. You want to build yourself up in your own mind. Realize you're worth it. Believe you're lovable. See your potential. To reach such a point would take a lot of hurt out of others' words. You could go to Google and look for self-guided programs towards improving self-esteem. ChatGPT may be something to consult on this as well.
If what occurred in your childhood was tantamount to abuse of any kind, then this could be more trauma-based and run all the way down to your very core, almost certainly requiring the input and guidance of mental health professionals. If you have an aversion to psychiatry, there could be ways to overcome that as well, but that would depend on the reasons for this aversion.
Personalization: You'd want to check yourself for personalizing the words or actions of other people. Most often, what people say and do is more a reflection upon themselves and what's going on in their own minds rather than anything specifically to do with you. Avoid taking ownership of another person's thoughts and reactions, and especially try to avoid personalizing someone else's snap judgements.
This could also be related to a personality trait -- that of a "highly sensitive person" (HSP). This is only regarded as a trait rather than a problem that needs correcting. If you Google that term and do some reading on it and find you identify with it, it would be very helpful to research it and learn more about yourself and why you react to other people in such a way.
These are just some thoughts about potential ways to approach this. I do wish you very well in finding answers.
