I can't name it, but I have similar episodes. For me, at least, the feeling is similar to my autistic meltdowns, and it's usually triggered by very heavy, repeated stress in a short amount of time with no way to remove myself from the situation. I don't know if they come from a particular disorder or anything. I think it's just a cycle of being pent up -> being severely stressed -> exploding. And when things are bad, just about anything can set you off.
Edit: I forgot to say, but I don't think I'd consider it an 'overreaction.' Or, at least, I wouldn't say 'overreacting' makes your feelings any less valid/worth addressing. A lot of people are sensitive to certain things, and they might have stronger responses to them than others, but still, that's just how people can be. I have 'overreactions' to certain noises due to sensory issues, but there's a legitimate reason behind it. For you, I'd assume you've got your own things going on. So you can give yourself some grace n_n